德国留学可以享受哪些福利

说德语的人在艺术和科学方面都已经成为了世界上最伟大创造中不可分割的一部分，因此不管是在德国，还是在德国之外的地方，几乎每个学科都有一个很长并且也很出色的成功故事。还有一个事实能够进一步加强这个观点，那就是从2014年开始，德国取消了所有的学费，不管是对德国本国学生还是国际留学生都一视同仁。德国大学为每一位学生提供免费的并且国际认可的学位。德国是什么，德国就是你理想的留学目的地。

对于许多来自世界其他地方的学生不明白为什么其他国家不能像德国这样，这一点也不会感到奇怪了。但是，免除学费只是在德国留学的诸多好处的其中之一。

1、顶尖的高等教育工作人员和基础设施

德国的高等教育由三种不同类型的机构组成：

-大学

-应用科技大学

-技术、艺术、电影和音乐学院

德国大多数的公立大学的历史可以追溯到中世纪，有一个在各种学科中禁止定性教育和显赫人名的重要传统。其他大学也在第二次世界大战后或最近不久成立，包括大部分的德国私立大学。

德国的大学凭借其卓越的基础设施和课程而闻名。最好的设施提供当代最先进的技术，以及多元化的专业人员，这样对课程的启发性很有帮助，能够确保培养出未来一代有前途的专家，不管哪个学科都是如此。创新、国际合作以及以实践为导向的学习被认为是成为世界一流教育的革命道路。

2、国际认可的学位

所有的德国大学现在都进行了波罗尼亚改革，这是为了确保所有的学生能够获得统一的并且国际承认的学位，例如学士学位、硕士学位或博士学位。

-文学士/理学士，相当于为期6个学期的学习

-文科硕士/理科硕士，相当于为期2-4个学期的学习，具体时间长度取决于你的课程

-博士学位，相当于为期4-6个学期的学习，具体时间长度取决于你的课程

这些课程时间长度适用于大多数的学术专业，除了医学、法律和药学等专业。在这些专业中，学生仍然受传统的教育方式，在学习结束会有全国统一的考试，并且课程比普通学士学位课程要多几个学期。

3、德国的公立大学不收取学费

德国高等教育的经费主要由国家资助，因此就像字面上体现的意思那样，德国大学对德国本国学生和国际留学生都是一视同仁的，均不收取学费。德国高等教育系统由大约400所大学组成，分为公立免学费的大学，在整个德国有超过240万名学生在这种类型的大学就读，此外还有少量的的私立大学，注册学生人数少于德国总学生人数的5%。

在过去的十年里，德国在政治上一直努力斗争在全国范围内免除学费，但是德国作为分散的联邦制国家，很难使所有的16个州同意。在2014年10月，德国所有的州达成了共识，德国所有的公立大学为其所有接受高等教育的学生提供免费的学费政策，不论学生的国籍是哪里。

4、绝佳的工作机会

抛开德国免收学费的政策，其实在德国留学并不是完全的免费，因为你仍然需要自己负担生活费用。所以，许多国际学生都想要找一份工作，能够在德国留学期间养活自己。对于在德国留学的欧盟学生来说，找一份工作很容易，并且没有任何限制。但是对于想要在德国留学期间工作的非欧盟国家的学生来说，他们必须申请工作许可证，而且他们的工作时间不得多于每年190个全天或者240个半天。

来自欧盟、欧洲经济区或瑞士以外国家的学生，不允许进行自由职业或个体经营。但是，这很少成为问题，因为德国是非常发达的国家，德国的经济足以支持每天数千个新工作岗位，能够为大多数的国际学生提供找到一份体面工作的机会。

值得一提的是，以实践为导向的德国大学与很多大公司有协议，能够为学生提供实习机会。这些工作可能并不是都能得到报酬的，但是在你获得学位之后，可能会提供给你一份未来的好工作。

5、学习英语授课的课程

在德国留学不仅仅是为了免收学费的政策，如果你的德语语言能力不是很好的话，你还可以参加英语授课的课程。英语是一种国际的并且被广泛使用的语言，在世界各地的大多数学校中，英语都是被当做第二语言教学。当你刚刚开始在一个新的国家的留学生活时，新的大学和新的语言会比你想象的更难适应，因此你可能会想要让自己更快更容易适应，那么你可以先参加英语授课的国际课程，之后再转换到德语授课的课程。

6、探索德国生活各个方面的机会

在德国的学生生活靠你的肾上腺素(这能够让你心跳加速、精力充沛、行动迅速)和好奇心。德国人很友好，同时也会给你隐私，相互尊重和遵守秩序就是日常生活和工作的一部分。德国多样的文化值得你去探索这个国家的每一寸，这能让你感觉到你是在这个整体中的一部分，而不是一个完全的陌生人。

户外活动在德国很流行，包括各种运动、徒步旅行、骑自行车、滑雪和更多其他的活动，所以如果你认为自己是运动型的，那么这就非常适合你了。大多数的国际留学生都会选择住在大城市，他们会发现很多的活动都可以用来消耗他们的课余时间，逛酒吧、夜总会、剧院和电影院都是德国学生生活的一部分。德国大多数城市都有艺术家的气息，有生动的地下音乐，到处都是时髦的时装、书籍，以及极具启发性和有趣的想法。

如果你厌倦了疯狂，你会发现德国人更多的时候是比较私人的，他们喜欢关起门来的小型聚会，在更亲密氛围中享受他们的食物和饮料。一旦你有机会进入到当地人的朋友圈，你将会了解到德国真正的生活。

德国人都想尽办法做到绿色环保。公园和绿地是每个社区的一部分，是保持你冷静头脑的空间。你可以看看德国超现实的风景，伟大的建筑，以及厚重的历史。

在德国的生活的另一个真正优势在于非常棒的公共交通，德国的公共交通是真正的高效、安全、快捷。在德国留学的额外福利就是，你在支付学校注册和管理税之后，会获得一张免费的交通卡，而你用这张卡搭乘德国公共交通所需的费用更是你想不到的低。

7、完成学业后留在德国

最后，当你在德国完成学业后，你会在毕业后有机会继续留在这里找工作。法律允许国际毕业生再多待18个月的时间，用来找工作，如果你想要的话，你最终可能会在德国待上更长的时间。

8、德国每个州的留学情况介绍

巴登-符腾堡州

巴登-符腾堡州是德国人口和面积方面都是第三大的州，拥有1100万人口。巴登-符腾堡州除了蓬勃发展的汽车、工程和冶金行业，巴登-符腾堡州还是著名的童话森林和历史文化名镇。巴登-符腾堡州拥有两所德国理工大学联盟成员大学，分别为斯图加特工业大学和卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院，此外还有德国排名最高的大学，即海德堡大学。

斯图加特是巴登-符腾堡州的首府城市，以及最大的城市。

巴伐利亚州

巴伐利亚州是德国面积最大的州，也是人口第二的州，巴伐利亚州拥有1250万人口。巴伐利亚州有各种不同行业，包括技术、工程、啤酒和旅游(有人想试试阿尔卑斯山民的皮短裤吗)，巴伐利亚州内的两所顶尖大学是慕尼黑大学和慕尼黑工业大学，这两所大学都获得了来自政府卓越计划的资金资助，并且慕尼黑工业大学还是德国理工大学联盟的成员。

两所巴伐利亚州的顶尖大学都位于慕尼黑，慕尼黑是巴伐利亚州最大的城市和首府城市。

北莱茵西伐利亚州

北莱茵西伐利亚州是德国人口最多的州，位于德国西部，拥有大约1750万人口，约占德国全国人口的22%。北莱茵西伐利亚州是德国非常适合留学的地区之一，北莱茵西伐利亚州拥有数量最多的德国顶尖大学，总共有9所。北莱茵西伐利亚州还有杜塞尔多夫市(北莱茵西伐利亚州的首府城市)和科隆市(北莱茵西伐利亚州最大的城市)。

亚琛工业大学是北莱茵西伐利亚州排名最高的大学，位列世界第147位。亚琛工业大学是北莱茵西伐利亚州唯一的一所德国理工大学联盟成员(TU9)，也是北莱茵西伐利亚州内两所获得政府卓越计划资金的大学之一，另一所是科隆大学。

黑森州

黑森州人口密集，拥有600万人口，德国黑森州分裂为两个大城市，分别是威斯巴登，也是黑森州的首府城市，还有法兰克福，是欧洲大陆最大的金融中心。黑森州排名最高的大学在法兰克福，即法兰克福大学，位列世界第217位。达姆施塔特工业大学是黑森州唯一一所德国理工大学联盟成员。

下萨克森州

下萨克森州是德国最后一个免除学费的州，拥有约800万人，汽车和能源是下萨克森州的重要支柱产业。此外，下萨克森州还有历史童话名城哈梅林和哥廷根，下萨克森州的首府城市为汉诺威。下萨克森州的三所国际排名的大学中有两所是德国理工大学联盟成员，分别是布伦瑞克工业大学和汉诺威大学，另外一所是哥廷根大学，这是下萨克森州排名最高的大学。

柏林州

柏林既是一座城市也是一个州，柏林是一个文化多元化和国际化的留学城市，也是德国议会和政府的所在地，并且柏林的文化和历史使得其成为广受欢迎的旅游目的地。柏林拥有三所德国顶尖的大学，比任何其他城市都多。其中，柏林工业大学是德国理工大学联盟成员。

萨克森州

萨克森州是欧洲最大的微电子产业基地，被称为萨克森硅谷，此外萨克森州还有丰富的文化、建筑和自然环境，萨克森州的人口只有400万。德勒斯登是萨克森州的首府城市，这也是萨克森州唯一一所德国理工大学联盟成员，德累斯顿工业大学的所在地。

除了以上之外，德国还有其他七个州拥有至少一所顶尖的德国大学，包括既是城市也是州的汉堡和不莱梅，这两个州也是德国最小的两个州。汉堡是一个世界性的海港，不莱梅是一个历史文化名称，拥有强大的工业和工程技术。

其余五个拥有国际排名大学的州分别是石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州，是一个沿海的州;莱茵兰-巴拉丁州，因为好酒而出名;图林根州，在学生中口碑非常好;萨尔兰州，一个与法国毗邻的拥有多元文化的州;还有萨克森-安哈尔特州，因为其艺术和文化机构而闻名，例如德绍包豪斯建筑。

莱茵兰-普法尔茨，著名的好酒;图林根州家到坚强的学生人口;萨尔州，多元文化的国家，毗邻法国;与萨克森-安哈尔特著名的艺术和包豪斯绍等文化机构。

以上文章由独家翻译，英文原文请浏览第二页

The German-speaking population has been an inseparable part of the worlds greatest creations in both arts and sciences; thus almost every academic discipline has a long and outstanding tradition of success stories, in Germany and beyond. Add this to that the fact that as of October this yearGermany abolished all tuition fees for national and international students alike, offering free internationally recognized degrees for every prospective student. There you have it: the ideal study abroad destination.

No wonder students from all around the world are confused as to why can every other country cannot make such a convenient move as Germany. However, the lack of tuition fees is just one of many benefits of studying in Germany. Lets go through all the advantages Germany has to offer to international students

1. No tuition fees at public universities in Germany

Higher education in Germany is mainly funded by the state and as such it is literally free of charge for domestic and international students alike. The German higher education system consists of around 400 institutions, pided into public tuition free institutions that host over 2.4 million students across Germany, and a smaller number of private institutions that enroll less than 5% of the total student body.

In the past decade, Germany has been politically struggling to ban tuition fees throughout the whole country; yet as a decentralized federal country it was difficult to bring all 16 of the federations to agree. In October 2014, consensus was reached and Germany is now offering access to free higher education to all students, regardless of their origin.

2. Excellent higher education staff members and infrastructure

Higher education in Germany consists of three different types of institutions:

Universities

Universities of Applied Sciences

Technical, Art, Film and Music Colleges

Most public universities in Germany date from the Middle Ages, barring a significant tradition of qualitative education and prominent names in various academic disciplines. Other institutions were either founded after the Second World War or fairly recently, including most of the private universities in Germany.

Universities in Germany are known to excel in both infrastructure and curricula. Optimal facilities providing contemporary technology, and a persified professional staff that contributes to compounding an enlightening curricula, ensure promising future generations of experts regardless of the discipline. Innovation, international cooperation and practice-oriented studies are considered to be the revolutionary roads to a world-class education.

3. Internationally recognized degrees

Universities in Germany now all operate under the Bologna reform, which ensures all students get a unified and internationally recognized degree such as bachelors, masters or PhD.

BA/BSc equals 6 semesters of study

MA/MSc equals to 2-4 semesters, depending on the program

PhD equals 4-6 semesters, depending on the program

This applies to most academic disciplines, except for medicine, law and pharmacy. In these subjects students are still educated in the traditional way; a state exam is conducted at the end of studies, and the course lasts a few more semesters than an ordinary bachelors degree.

4. Study programs taught in English

Studying in Germany not only comes for free, but you can also do it in English if your German language skills are not so good. English is an international and widely spoken language, taught as a second language in the majority of schools around the world. A fresh start in a new country, a new university AND a new language can be tougher than you think; therefore you might want to go easy on yourself and take up an international program taught in English while your German language skills advance, and then perhaps switch to studying in Germany.

5. Great job opportunities

Regardless of the free tuition fee policy, studying in Germany doesnt come entirely for free you still need to meet the living costs. Therefore many international students tend to look for a job to support themselves while studying. It is very easy for EU students to find a job, as there are no limitations whatsoever. Meanwhile students from non-EU countries have to apply for a work permit, and their working hours are limited to 190 full days or 240 half days per year.

Students from countries outside of the EU, EEA or Switzerland are not permitted to work freelance or self-employed. However, this has seldom been an issue since Germany is a very well-developed country where the economy supports thousands of new jobs every day, giving the majority of international students the possibility of finding a decent job.

Its worth mentioning that practice-oriented universities in Germany have agreements with great companies, providing students with internships. These may not always be paid, but could lead to a great future job after obtaining your degree.

6. A chance to explore all aspects of life in Germany

Student life in Germany thrives on adrenaline and curiosity. German people are friendly but give you privacy; mutual respect and order are part of the daily routine; and cultural persity is worth exploring in every inch of the country, as it makes you feel part of one entity rather than a total stranger.

Outdoor activities are pretty popular in Germany, including sports, hiking, cycling, skiing and more so students who consider themselves athletic are going to fit in just fine. As most international students choose to live in metropolises, theyll find lots of activities to fill their spare time; hanging out in bars, clubbing, theater and cinema are all part of student life in Germany. Most of the great German cities are artsy and have a vivid underground music scene, full of hipster fashion, books and ideals which all make for an enlightening and interesting experience.

If you get tired of the frenzy, youll find that Germans are for the most part more private people, who prefer smaller gatherings behind closed doors, enjoying their food and beverages in a more intimate atmosphere. Once you have a chance to join local friendship groups, you will start learning about real life in Germany.

Germans are by all means green. Parks and green spaces are part of every neighborhood and remain the ideal space to calm the mind. Travelling in and out of the country promises surreal landscapes, great architecture and loads of historical data to be revealed.

Another true advantage to life in Germany is the excellent public transport, which is efficient, safe and fast. As an additional perk of studying in Germany, you get a travel card for free by paying enrollment and administrative taxes that are ridiculously low.

7. Staying in Germany after your studies

Finally, after studying in Germany, youll have the chance to stay on and seek work after you graduate. The law allows international graduates to stay for an additional 18 months to seek work, and you may even end up staying longer, if that is what you wish.

North Rhine-Westphalia

The most populous German state, North Rhine-Westphalia is located in the west of Germany and is home to approximately 17.5 million, some 22% of the nations population. A prime location to study in Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia claims the highest number of top German universities (nine) and is home to the city of Dsseldorf (its capital) and Cologne (its largest city).

Rheinisch-Westflische Technische HochschuleAachen is the top ranked university in North Rhine-Westphalia, at 147th in the world. It is the only TU9 member in the state and one of two institutions in the region to receive funding from the governments Excellence Initiative. The other is Universitt Kln.

Baden-Wrttemberg

The third largest German state in terms of both population and size, Baden-Wrttemberg is home to 11 million people. As well as thriving automobile, engineering and metallurgical sectors, Baden-Wrttemberg is famous for its fairytale forests and historic towns. Baden-Wrttemberg is home to two TU9 members (Universitt Stuttgart and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT) as well as the highest-ranked university at which to study in Germany Ruprecht-Karls-Universitt Heidelberg.

The capital and largest city of Baden-Wrttemberg is Stuttgart.

Bavaria

The biggest state by size and the second-largest by population, Bavaria is home to 12.5 million people. With perse industry in technology, engineering, beer and tourism (anyone for lederhosen?), the states top two universities two are Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt Mnchen and Technische Universitt Mnchen (TU Mnchen), which both gain funding from the governments Excellence Initiative and one of which, TU Mnchen, is a member of TU9.

Two of the top universities in Bavaria are located in Mnchen (aka Munich), the capital and largest city in the state.

Hesse

With a densely packed population of six million, the German state of Hesse is split between two of its biggest cities Wiesbaden, the capital, and Frankfurt am Main, the largest financial center in continental Europe. Frankfurt is also home to the highest-ranked university in Hesse, Universitt Frankfurt am Main, which is ranked 217th in the world. The Technische Universitt Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt) is the only TU9 member in the state.

BerlinBoth a city and a state, Berlin is a multicultural and cosmopolitan student city, the seat of the German parliament and government, and a hugely popular tourist destination for its culture and history. Berlin boasts three of Germanys top-ranked universities, more than any other city. Of these, Technische Universitt Berlin (TU Berlin) is a TU9 member.

Lower Saxony

The last German state to get rid of its tuition fees, Lower Saxony is home to around eight million people, with key industry in automobiles and energy. As well as the historic, fairytale cities of Hamelin and Gttingen, Lower Saxony calls Hanover (or Hannover) its capital. Two of the three internationally ranked universities in Lower Saxony are TU9 members Technische Universitt Braunschweig (TU Braunschweig) and Leibniz Universitt Hannover; the other, Georg-August-Universitt Gttingen, is the states highest ranked.

SaxonyHome to Silicon Saxony, Europes largest micro-electronics industry, as well as rich culture, architecture and natural surroundings, the Free State of Saxony is home to just four million people. Dresden, the states capital, is home to the states only TU9 member, Technische Universitt Dresden (TU Dresden).

Seven more German states are home to at least one top German university, including the city-states of Hamburg and Bremen, two of the smallest states in the country. Hamburg is a cosmopolitan seaport, while Bremen is a historical city with strong industry in technology and engineering.

The remaining five states featured within the rankings are Schleswig-Holstein, a maritime state; Rhineland-Palatinate, famous for good wine; Thuringia, home to a strong student population; Saarland, a culturally perse state bordering France; and Saxony-Anhalt, famous for its arts and cultural institutions such as the Bauhaus Dessau.

更多精彩资讯请关注查字典资讯网，我们将持续为您更新最新资讯!

上一篇：四川西部计划项目办调研安徽师大研支团工作 下一篇：北京大学：董强教授当选法兰西学院通讯院士