2016考研英语：阅读理解的错误选项特征总结

 

　　考研英语中，阅读理解的分值比重比较大。都教授一直以来在不断地对阅读理解进行研究，也在不断的教学和摸索中，总结了一些经验。下面和大家分享下阅读理解中错误选项的特征，希望大家可以避免犯错。

一、选项表述内容明显违背常识

例如1.真题 2013 text1 ①In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle. ②But, today, average is officially over. ③Being average just won't earn you what it used to. ④It can't when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. ⑤Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.

22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______

[C] adopt an average lifestyle

解析：很明显，想要成为一个成功的人，不可能采取一个平凡的生活方式的，不然我们大家都会成功啦。所以C选项错误。

例如2.真题 2011 text4 It's no surprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful, provocative magazine cover story, "I love My Children, I Hate My Life," is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that "the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight."

36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring

[A]temporary delight. [B]enjoyment in progress.

[C]happiness in retrospect. [D]lasting reward.

解析：题干中问"养孩子可以带来什么？"A.暂时的欢乐 B过程中的享受 C.回顾中的幸福 D.持久的回报。从我们的生活常识中，我们知道父母养我们，肯定不是为了暂时的欢乐，也不是为了图我们的回报，在养育过程中尽管有欢乐，但是也会充满艰辛和困难，由此，选项ABD都不正确，所以D为正确答案。当然我们还可以中文章中倒数第二句定位，找到答案。

例如3.真题 2012 text2（英语二） ①Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not.

27.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours？

[A]Colours are encoded in girls' DNA.

解析：选项A中，根据生活常识，颜色是不会编码在女孩子们的基因中的，所以A可作为错误选项排除。

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二、断章取字面意思：

例如1.真题 2013 text3 （英语二）①But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm. ②Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. ③We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing. ④Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.

[B] are not unconscious

[D] are not impulsive

解析：文中第三句出现了unconsciously 和impulses，但是这个句子是个肯定句，而选项B和D是两个否定句，这两个选项只是很牵强的取用了unconsciously和impulses这两个词 但是所表达的意思和文章第三句没有关系，故而都排除。

例如2.真题 2004 text4 ①Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across Bodybuilder, a job database on the Internet. ②He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's "personal search agent."

41.        How did Redmon find his job?

[A] By searching openings in a job database.

解析：文中第一句出现了 job database，但是这个词语是作为同位语解释前面的Bodybuilder, 文中第二句紧接着就说He searched it with no success ，所以选项A表述不正确，断章取义说他找到工作就是By searching openings in a job database是不正确的，故而排除。

例如3.真题 2007 text1 ①…conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.

23.        According to Ericsson, good memory

[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.

解析：选项B中的 X rather than Y结构等同于文中more .A..than ..B，但是X=B,Y=A, 这个选项并不对等。出题老师以为断章取义把这两个词放在同一句中就可以迷惑大家。希望考生们在做题目时一定要仔细。

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三、选项和原文不一致，偷换概念：

例如1.真题 2007 text1 ③Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated.

24.        Ericsson and his colleagues believe that

[C] the role of talent tends to be overlooked.

解析：原文中overrated的意思是"高估"，而选项C中overlooked的意思是"忽视、忽略"。这就是考查这个形近词的辨析，我们平时在记忆单词的时候，一定要注意了，要把考纲词汇中容易混淆的词汇，分开来记，辨记清楚。

例如2.真题 2008 text1 ③"Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's,"

22.        Dr. Yehuda's research suggests that women

[B] have limited capacity for tolerating stress.

解析：原文是个比较级，说的是女人的耐压能力比男人强，而选项B中说的是女人拥有有限的耐压能力。该选项中 limited偷换了原文greater的概念。故选项B排除。

例如2.真题 2013 text3（英语二） ①John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in "thick sliced" long-term study. ②When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on____.

[B]''thin sliced ''study

解析：34题可以定位到文中第一句的后半句：only after we ground such snap reactions in "thick sliced" long-term study. 这里强调的是在thick sliced之后才有thin slice，所以thick sliced才是基础。选项B把前后概念偷换了。

例如2.真题 2013 text4（英语二）①Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. ②In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe's top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. ③Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.

36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.

[A] women take the lead

解析：原文中第三句说women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.女人只占14%，这个比例是比较小的。而选项A表示女人处于领导地位。这是对 until women are part of senior management decisions的概念偷换，故排除。

由上面的分析，我们不难看出，考研出卷专家在设置选项题目时，有部分选项是用来凑数的。这些选项我们按照生活常识就可以判定其为错误选项。都教授希望2016考研的学子们，在考研复习得的最后一周，要开始整理自己的错题本和总结了，不要再盲目地做新题目了。温故知新，可以更好的把握做题技巧。最后，祝福大家一切顺利。

 

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