英国名校“无条件录取”学生 竞争激烈

Leading universities have been accused of undermining A-levels by accepting students before they sit their final exams in a “desperate” rush to fill places.

英国的名校被指控在学生参加最后考试之前，为A级的学生预留了名额。

Research by the Telegraph shows universities are preparing to make increasing numbers of “unconditional offers” to sixth-formers next year.

根据《每日电讯报》的调查显示，很多大学会在明年大量招入无条件录取的高三学生。

Top research institutions including Birmingham, Lancaster, Nottingham, Leicester, Sussex and Queen Mary, University of London, will admit students en masse in some subjects without waiting for results in August.

接受调查的名校有伯明翰大学，兰卡斯特大学，诺丁汉大学，莱斯特大学，苏塞克斯大学，伦敦大学玛丽女王学院和伦敦大学会集体在八月份成绩出来之前，招收学生。

Numbers are expected to significantly exceed the 12,000 unconditional offers made across the UK this year, with one university alone saying it will make 10,000 in 2015.

今年英国招收的无条件入学的学生明显超过了12,000人，其中有一所大学表示在2015年将招收10,000名学生。

The move coincides with a government decision to abolish all restrictions on student recruitment in England for the first time in 2015 – creating a free market in undergraduate admissions.

这一行动与英格兰政府发出的通告：将第一次在2015年废除招生的所有限制不谋而合。此举创造出了本科招生的一个开放自由市场。

It has led to intense competition between universities to sign up the most talented sixth-formers before they are attracted to opposing institutions.

这在大学之间形成了激烈的竞争，学校提前招收高三学生以免被竞争对手的学校招去。

In most cases, admissions tutors will make places available to candidates based on past performance in GCSEs and their predicted A-level grades, meaning students will win places even if they go on to fail their summer exams.

很多情况下，招生的老师会根据候选人过去的GCSEs成绩和预估的A级成绩为学生预留位置，意味着即使在夏季的毕业考试中表现不好也可以进入好的大学。

Universities insist the move is intended to reward students with potential while taking the pressure off teenagers in the final year of the sixth-form.

大学坚持认为这一举动是发掘了学生的潜力同时减轻高三学生毕业考试的压力。

But there are fears that it will lead to a dramatic dip in performance in the last few months of school as students effectively “give up” on their A-levels.

但是很多人担心这会使学生在学校的最后几个月表现不好，因为他们已经放弃了自己的A级成绩。

A recent study by admissions experts warned that the system may provoke an “environment of reduced effort” where students “might stop trying hard”.

最近招生处的专家提醒这一体系很可能激起一种现象：学生不再努力学习，整个环境萎靡不振。

It was also claimed it could lead to "loss of credibility" at top universities and the sense that academics are "desperate to fill places".

这也会造成大众对名校的信用遗失的想法，以及学术界随意招收学生填满位置。

One student told researchers: “If I was given an unconditional offer I wouldn’t bother working for my A-levels”.

一名学生告诉调查者：“如果我被无条件录取了，我也不会想着去拿A级了。”

According to UCAS, just over 20 universities made a record 12,000 unconditional offers between them to students starting courses this autumn. It represented a dramatic four-fold rise in just 12 months.

据大学和学院招生服务中心，今年秋季招生只有超过20所学校招了12,000名无条件录取的学生。在仅仅12个月的时间里，就增长了4倍。

In 2012, Birmingham became the first institution to use the practice in a coordinated way by making 1,000 offers across 12 courses. This year, unconditional offers will be made to some 3,000 students – one-in-10 of the university’s total – in more than 50 separate subjects.

在2012年，伯明翰大学首先引进了无条件录取的计划，有12们课程招收了1,000名成绩好的学生。今年，无条件招生的人数将达到3,000人——是所有人数的十分之一，分别由50多门课程可选。

This includes chemistry, economics, English, geography, history, maths, modern languages and sociology.

课程包括化学，经济学，英语，地理，历史，数学，现代语言学和社会学。

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